Showing posts with label Technology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Technology. Show all posts

Thursday, July 25, 2013

Global Law Enforcement Uses Real Time Mobile Apps to Monitor Twitter for Real Time Crime Data

Hide Caption Security in seaports, airports, and other transportation systems is a critical business, especially since the Sept. 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States. Credit: Flickr by UNC-CFC-USFK Show Caption
Photo by: Flickr UNC-CFC-USFK

Information is power for law enforcement and intelligence agencies, but unless that information is secure, fully searchable, and easily and instantly available to just the right people, it isn't helping to solve crimes.

That was a problem experienced byInterPort Police, a global law enforcement association made up of security agencies for airports, seaports, and other transportation systems in 87 countries. InterPortPolice members receive and review lots of information daily about terrorist activities, crimes, and ongoing investigations. To cope with it all, they shared such information using multiple databases that were sent back and forth via email.

But that crude method had problems, including a lack of data security, limitations on discussions that could take place, and a lack of speed and real-time data analysis, said Jay Grant, the general secretary of Los Angeles-based InterPortPolice.

"Collaboration, authentication, and moving information around in a secure platform were big challenges," said Grant. "We knew we had to move beyond databases and stop using email to not only push information out but to share information with subject matter experts, in secure ways, where they could talk back and forth."

Much of the group's work was made even more important following the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. Staying ahead of and preventing new terrorist acts is one of the key responsibilities of the group's members as they conduct their work.

And old-fashioned email had other problems for the often-sensitive information they were generating, said Grant. "You don't know where it's been and who is looking at it," he said. "And some of our email threads are involving 200 to 600 people, so it just became unmanageable."

About two years ago, the agency beganlooking at possible fixes for its information, security and collaboration problems.

To better manage all the incoming information, it was determined that what was needed was a collaborative, interoperable system that could be easily accessed by members around the globe in real-time using a myriad of devices including Android and iOS smartphones, BlackBerry devices,tablets, laptops, and desktop machines, said Grant.

The group's leaders looked at products from some 30 vendors, including Yammer and Socialtext, to find an answer. They even experimented with some free and open source applications.

"Disseminating information through a mobile device was key," said Grant.

Through their review of various products, InterPortPolice in 2012 selected the cloud-based enterprise social network tibbr, fromTIBCO Software, to help them solve their data problems.

What tibbr has done for the members of InterPortPolice, said Grant, is to allow true information sharing in real time instantly around the globe, while maintaining security, privacy and system management in the fight against terrorism and other criminal activity.

"Tibbr is role-based so different people can get the information that they are allowed to have based on their roles in their organizations," said Grant. "It can be controlled."

Inside InterPortPolice the system, which can be accessed through mobile apps, Web browsers or desktop clients, is called the Secure Resource Member Exchange (SRMX).

So far, about 500 people in about 227 jurisdictions among the agency's members are using it in their work and the numbers are growing, said Grant. Another group of 328 additional jurisdictions is being added, with more to come.

"We can push information out to them and they also can add information, whether it's a daily report, a briefing or other communications," said Grant. The information on tibbr is unclassified, but is kept secure. "The system could handle classified information, but it is not shared here because of regulatory aspects."

The move to a secure, managed enterprise social network is a huge boon to the members of InterPortPolice, said Grant. "The whole idea with security people is that having information without sharing it is not a good thing. That's exactly what happened" and contributed to the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, when multiple federal agencies received information and terrorist "chatter" about what was to come, but it wasn't shared in time to prevent the tragedy.

Using tibbr, InterPortPolice "went from databases and emails to a much more controllable and sustainable system," said Grant. "We know over a period of time it will grow and grow."

In the past, it was difficult to manage the old database system, he said. "The more people we added to the system, the more complicated it got."

Another benefit of using the enterprise social network today is that it can be integrated with other external law enforcement programs being used by member agencies, which could extend the system's capabilities, according to Grant. "We are looking at an intelligence investigative tool that could be used inside by members. We found that possibility extremely attractive."

Other social networks, including Twitter, can be used and managed inside tibbr. That's a big benefit, he said, because it means that users don't have to switch back and forth between social networks but can use others while they are in the tibbr interface.

"If you want to put out details of crimes inside your community, you can manage the information from a central point and you don't have to leave it," said Grant. "This is the wave of the future."

Monday, June 3, 2013

Google: Motorola's Tattoos Could Replace Passwords

Google: Motorola's tattoos could replace passwords

by Matt Warman, Consumer Technology Editor,telegraph.co.uk
May 30th 2013

Motorola’s forthcoming phones could use electronic tattoos or pills to identify users, it has been announced.

'Biostamps' made by IC10 feature bendable circuitry that can stretch up to double its original size
Photo by: Photo: IC10

The technology, which aims to remove the need to enter passwords and replace them simply with a phone being close to a user’s body, was one of the suggestions Dennis Woodside, Motorola’s chief executive, California's D11 conference yesterday.

The tattoos have been developed by Massachusetts-based engineering firm MC10, and contain flexible electronic circuits that are attached to the wearer's skin using a rubber stamp.

Nokia has previously experimented with integrating tattoos into mobile phones, and Motorola's senior vice president of advance research, Regina Dugan, a former head of the US Pentagon's Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency, demonstrated the silicon-based technology that uses bendable electronic circuits. Initially designed for medical purposes, Motorola hopes the ‘Biostamps’ could now be used for consumer authentication purposes.

Motorola is also investigating the Proteus Digital Health pill, which has already been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and was given European regulatory approval in 2010. Its computer chip is powered by a battery using the acid in a user’s stomach.

The pill creates a unique signal like an ECG trace that can be picked up by devices outside the body and which could be used to verify a user’s identity. It can be taken daily for up to a month, it has been claimed.

Motorola's Regina Dugan demonstrates a 'Biostamp'

Woodside admitted that such experimental ideas were not going to be on sale soon. But he claimed Motorola had “tested it authenticating a phone, and it works.'

The former Google employee, however, who was parachuted in to Motorola after its $12.5billion acquisition in 2011, said “Having the boldness to think differently about problems that everybody has every day is really important for Motorola now.'”

Dugan added “Authentication is irritating. In fact its so irritating only about half the people do it, despite the fact there is a lot of information about you on your smartphone, which makes you far more prone to identity theft.”

She said authentication takes 2.3 seconds each time for existing users, some of whom log in to their phones a 100 times a day and added Motorola would not be put off by those who felt that the new technologies were “creepy”.

Meanwhile, the Moto X phone, which will launch in October, will be struggling Motorola's first device to go on sale sinces its acquisition. It will know what you want to do before you do but cost significantly less than an iPhone, Motorola has claimed.

The phone, which is to largely be manufactured in America, will also use advanced sensors to anticipate user behaviour, Woodside said.

Without offering further details, he said the Moto X would change the way users “engage with how the devices are designed”, and that the “broadly distributed” phone would provide “experiences [that] are unlike other experiences out there.”

Motorola's current flagship, the Razr i

The device will also be an attempt to drive down prices of smartphones, and Woodside said the flagship device would compete with both top Android devices such as the Samsung Galaxy S4 and the HTC One as well as the iPhone, which is expected to be updated later this year.

Woodside said the Moto X “is more contextually aware of what’s going on around it. It allows you to interact with it more than other devices today. It anticipates my need”.

The device, which is likely to build on the features in Google’s ‘Now’ search product, will aim to predict what a user wants to do so that they do not waste time choosing it manually. Examples include automatically sensing a device is travelling at speed along a road and suggesting entering ‘car mode’ or making it faster to open the camera application.

Woodside added that Google wanted to sell the device at lower margins than companies such as Apple have become used to. Although he did not aim the iPhone specifically, he told the D11 conference, “Those products earn 50 per cent margins. We don’t necessarily have those constraints. Those [margins] will not persist.” He said that while computers and televisions had seen dramatic price drops in recent years, smartphones had yet to see such falls.


Sunday, June 2, 2013

DARPA Prototype for Biological "Vitamin Authentication"

Google-owned Motorola reveals stomach acid-powered tablet that turns your body into a password

June 1, 2013

image credit:
screenshot from AllThingsD video
Regina Dugan, former director of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and current head of Google-owned Motorola’s research division, introduced a prototype “vitamin authentication” tablet which turns your entire body into a walking authentication token.

“We got to do a lot of epic shit when I was at DARPA,” Dugan said. Indeed, DARPA has been involved in everything from weaponized hallucinations to tiny spy computers tomilitary human enhancements to automated drone-borne targeting and tracking systems tolinking rat brains over the Internet and much more.

Forget traditional usernames and passwords, this technology unveiled at D11 uses a tiny stomach acid-powered tablet to produce an 18-bit signal which can be detected by outside devices and used for authentication.

Dugan also showed off wearable electronic tattoos produced by a company called MC10, in partnership with Motorola, which serve a similar function.

The rationale behind these technologies, according to Dugan, is the annoyances caused by traditional authentication.

“Authentication is irritating,” Dugan said. “After 40 years of advances in computation, we’re still authenticating basically the same way we did years ago.”


The tablet, made by Proteus Digital Health, has already been approved by the FDA, according to Popular Science.

“The tablets contain a small chip with a switch and something that amounts to an inside-out potato battery,” Wired UK explains. “After swallowing it the acids in your stomach act as electrolytes, which power the battery and turn the switch on and off in a sequence.”

This produces an 18-bit ECG-like signal, turning the entire person into an “authentication token,” which Dugan called “vitamin authentication,” according to the Verge.

“This isn’t stuff that is going to ship anytime soon. But it is a sign of the new boldness inside Motorola,” said Dennis Woodside, CEO of Motorola.

However, Woodside did successfully complete a demonstration of the tablet authenticating a phone.

“The authentication could be activated by touch, since the human body conducts electricity — touch your phone or laptop and you’re in,” according to Discovery.

“Google won’t be force feeding you these pills like this is some kind of a twisted, science-fiction movie,” Tech2 reports.

Yet the attraction is obvious. If people could protect their computers, phones, homes, businesses, etc. without having to constantly type long, complex passwords it’s not difficult to see them wanting to do so.

That’s especially true when one would only have to take a pill regularly and in doing so would provide an authentication method that is more secure than one could imagine in times past. Wired UK states that the development of this type of technology shows “that hacking is a major concern as we conduct more and more of our business online.”

Given the clear benefits of a technology like this, it’s not hard to see companies requiring their employees to use a tablet like this, especially among companies that are especially concerned about security.

Just as some companies have required fingerprint scanners, iris scanners or other biometric identification methods, it’s not hard to imagine some companies jumping on this “vitamin authentication” technology.

Saturday, June 1, 2013

War(chalking) What is it good for?

Rare is the catchphrase or fad whose origin can be definitely traced. In fact, a foolproof recipe for backing up an argument is to claim indisputable knowledge of the birth, for example, of the plastic flying disc, the hula hoop or even the game of baseball.

But when it comes to tracing the historic roots of "warchalking," a hobo-inspired language for identifying the location and status of wireless networks that appears to be spreading like wildfire across the Internet, all paths point to Matt Jones.

Jones, who lists his profession as Internet product designer, operates a Web site called blackbeltjones.com that serve's primarily as the Londoner's online resume and portfolio. Near the end of June, Jones published on his site a series of symbols designed to be inscribed in chalk to alert passing wireless network users to the existence of a nearby network. Jones came up with the symbol-based language by combining the current practice of using sniffer tools to locate wireless networks, known as wardriving or warwalking, and a sort of secret sign language once used by hobos in the United States to alert fellow travelers of dangers or opportunities for food and work on the open road. (More information and examples of hobo markings can be found atHobo Signs & Symbols and Hobo Signs.)

Warchalking Symbols

After Jones posted the concept, along with a few examples, the idea was quickly embraced by Wi-Fi enthusiasts around the globe. Within days, Jones had received photographs from wireless users in at least five different countries offering evidence of warchalking in both rural and urban settings. Since the end of June, Jones has been barraged with e-mail from journalists and interested Wi-Fi users and enthusiasts. Newspapers and magazines, both online and print, such as the Seattle Times, BusinessWeek and the New York Times, have already published stories on the only weeks-old phenomenon.

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Even if the practice of warchalking fails to catch on in a big way, the speed at which the concept has spread serves as further testament to the cult-like nature of wireless networking and the community-based activism that has sprung up around the notion of an unfettered, unregulated and in many cases "unmetered" form of electronic communications. Analysts say that the grassroots groundswell of ingenuity and activism in the wireless community has the same look and feel as other user-inspired and Internet-based movements, such as the sharing of music files, which led to the creation of Napster. In the year or so that Wi-Fi gear has been readily available, they say, hundreds of community-based access points, or hotspots, have been formed and industrious hobbyists have been busy concocting ways to democratize the practice further by reducing the cost of wireless networking. Arguably the best example of Wi-Fi ingenuity is the now-famous conversion of Pringle potato chip containers into wireless antennas.

Signs for the Times

Another attribute that warchalking shares with other Internet-related movements, however, is that its appearance has already ignited a flurry of speculation regarding the practice's impact and lasting power.

Several analysts, for example, believe that one of the immediate influences of warchalking will be to throw additional attention on the security of wireless corporate networks.

"The level of awareness about security risks have increased greatly over the past 12 months," says Chris Kozup, an analyst with the Meta Group research firm. "Warchalking will just bring more attention."

Russ Craig, an analyst with the Aberdeen Research Group agrees that corporations have grown more aware of the risks connected with wireless networks in the past few months and believes that warchalking is likely to make IT departments even more vigilant in combating security risks.

Both analysts downplay the notion that warchalking will primarily be used to help wireless nomads gain access into networks where they are not welcomed. While warchalking might end up exposing some corporate resources to abuse by outside users, Craig says that warchalking, if it catches on in the US, will primarily be used to notify travelers of the availability of community hotspots.

While that could serve as a valuable aid to a laptop user desperate for an Internet connection, Craig says it won't be long before information about community hotspots is readily available through other means. He describes a scenario in which wireless users will eventually be directed to community hotspots by municipal signs posted within the community.

"You'll start to see signs like you now see notifying residents of local Kiwanis Club meetings," says Craig. "It will say something like, '802.11 hot spot available between Main Street and Third Avenue.'"

From Chalk to Paint?

Though the concept is new, wireless advocacy groups appear to be divided regarding the usefulness of warchalking. Anthony Townsend, the press relation contact for NYCwireless, a group that promotes community networks in New York City, says there are more effective ways to promote awareness of wireless access points and free wireless network movements.

Media coverage and word of mouth, says Townsend, have been the most effective means of publicizing free wireless nodes in the metropolitan area, such as the recently opened network in Bryant Park, a popular gathering spot in midtown Manhattan. In addition, Townsend suggests that warchalking carries the potential for practitioners to direct wireless users to networks in which they are not invited.

"Warchalking encourages people to publicize access points that are unintentionally left open, which encourages unauthorized use of these access points," he says. "NYCwireless does not condone the unauthorized use of any access pint that may have been accidentally left unsecured."

Taking a positive stance on warchalking is Adam Shand, founder of PersonalTelco, a Portland-based organization that promotes a community-based network that is built, maintained and operated by the public.

"I think it can only help build awareness and a sense of involvement in the community wireless networking movement," says Shand, who, like Townsend, was interviewed through e-mail. "Now everyone has the chance of finding an open node and no longer has to know the right Web site to go to."

Despite the hubbub surrounding the practice, neither Shand nor Townsend say they have encountered examples of warchalking in either Portland or New York, although Shand says PersonalTelco has scrawled a few symbols to promote its mobile access point.

The one thing that both agree about is that the use of chalk to mark wireless access points is not likely to incur the wrath of local authorities or violate laws prohibiting graffiti. Townsend cites the impermanence of chalk as a possible catalyst for warchalkers to graduate to paint or a longer-lasting substance. Shand says chalk is the perfect medium for publicizing Wi-Fi hotspots.

"I'd think in the worst case it would take someone a minute to wash the marks off with a hose or a rag and some soapy water," says Shand, adding that such an effort would also serve to provide another wireless "hobo" with both a figurative and literal clean slate. "Of course, it would also take someone a minute to put it back a couple of hours later."

Joe McGarvey is a freelance networking and telecommunications writer based in New York. E-mail him atmailto:mmcgarvey@optonline.net.


Badass of the Week: Nikola Tesla

Nikola Tesla

Pretty much everybody even remotely associated with real-time strategy games has heard the name Tesla before – the Serbian God of Lightning's omnipresent, ever-zapping coils have been ruining the lives of digital Allied soldiers and gibbing U.S. war machines into spare parts since the release of Command & Conquer: Red Alert in 1996 – but surprisingly few people these days are familiar with the life and times of one of humankind's most eccentric, badass, and volumetrically-insane scientific super-geniuses.

First off, Nikola Tesla was brilliant.  And not just like Ken Jennings brilliant, either - I mean like, "holy crap my head just exploded (from all the awesome)" brilliant.  The Croatian-born engineer spoke eight languages, almost single-handedly developed technology that harnessed the power of electricity for household use, and invented things like electrical generators, FM radio, remote control, robots, spark plugs, fluorescent lights, and giant-ass machines that shoot enormous, brain-frying lightning bolts all over the place like crazy.  He had an unyielding, steel-trap photographic memory and an insane ability to visualize even the most complex pieces of machinery – the guy did advanced calculus and physics equations in his damn head, memorized entire books at a time, and successfully pulled off scientific experiments that modern-day technology STILL can't replicate.  For instance, in 2007 a group of lesser geniuses at MIT got all pumped up out of their minds because they wirelessly transmitted energy a distance seven feet through the air. Nikola Tesla once lit 200 lightbulbs from a power source 26 miles away, and he did it in 1899 with a machine he built from spare parts in the middle of the god-forsaken desert.  To this day, nobody can really figure out how the hell he pulled that shit off, because two-thirds of the schematics only existed in the darkest recesses of Tesla's all-powerful brain.

Of course, much like many other eccentric giga-geniuses and diabolical masterminds, Tesla was also completely insane.  He was prone to nervous breakdowns, claimed to receive weird visions in the middle of the night, spoke to pigeons, and occasionally thought he was receiving electromagnetic signals from extraterrestrials on Mars.  He was also obsessive-compulsive and hated round objects, human hair, jewelry, and anything that wasn't divisible by three. He was also asexual and celibate for his entire life.  Basically, Nikola Tesla was the ultimate mad scientist, which is seriously awesome.

Another sweet thing about Tesla is that he conducted the sort of crazy experiments that generally result in hordes of angry villagers breaking down the door to your lab with torches and pitchforks.  One time, while he was working on magnetic resonance, he discovered the resonant frequency of the Earth and caused an earthquake so powerful that it almost obliterated the 5th Avenue New York building that housed his Frankenstein Castle of a laboratory.  Stuff was flying off the walls, the drywall was breaking apart, the cops were coming after him, and Tesla had to smash his device with a sledge hammer to keep it from demolishing an entire city block.  Later, he boasted that he could have built a device powerful enough to split the Earth in two.  Nobody dared him to prove it.

Tesla also ordered the construction of the Wardenclyffe Tesla Tower, a giant building shaped like an erect penis that would have housed the largest Tesla coil ever built.  The massive structure, ostensibly designed to wirelessly transmit power, has been cited as a potential cause of the mysterious 1908 Tunguska Event – a ten-megaton blast that detonated in the wastelands above central Russia that completely obliterated and deforested everything unlucky enough to be located within a several hundred mile radius.  While nothing has ever successfully proven Tesla's involvement in the ass-destroyingly huge explosion, it's pretty awesome that this guy could potentially have detonated a weapon 1,000 times more powerful than the nuclear bomb that destroyed Hiroshima, and have done it back before they'd even invented the submachine gun.


Tesla in his lab.


During his adventures blinding half of the world with science, Nikola Tesla harnessed the power of Niagara Falls into the first hydroelectric power plant, constructed a bath designed to cleanse the human body of germs using nothing but electricity, and created a 130-foot long bolt of lightning from one of his massive coils (a feat which to this day remains the world record for man-made lightning), but perhaps his most badass invention was his face-melting, tank-destroying, super-secret Atomic Death Ray.  In the 1920s he claimed to be working on a tower that could potentially have spewed forth a gigantic beam of ionized particles capable of disintegrating aircraft from 200 miles away and blinking most men out of existence like something out of a Flash Gordon or Buck Rogers comic.  His weapon, known as the "Teleforce Beam", allegedly shot ball lightning at 60 million volts, liquefying its targets with enough power to vaporize steel, and, while it could shoot further than 200 miles, its effectiveness beyond that range was limited only by the curvature of the Earth.  Luckily for all humans, this crazy insanity never came to fruition – most of the schematics and plans existed only in Tesla's head, and when he died of heart failure in 1943, little hard data on the project existed.  Still, J. Edgar Hoover and the FBI confiscated all his personal stuff and locked it away anyways, just to be safe.

Despite being incredibly popular during his day, now Tesla remains largely overlooked among lists of the greatest inventors and scientists of the modern era.  Thomas Edison gets all the glory for discovering the lightbulb, but it was his one-time assistant and life-long arch-nemesis, Nikola Tesla, who made the breakthroughs in alternating-current technology that allowed for people to cheaply use electricity to power appliances and lighting in their homes.  They constantly fought about whether to use alternating or direct-currents (their bitter blood feud resulted in both men being snubbed by the Nobel Prize committee), but ultimately Tesla was the one who delivered the fatal kick-to-the-crotch that ended the battle – at the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago, his AC generators illuminated the entire experience, marking the first time that an event of that magnitude had ever taken place under the glow of artificial light.  Today, all homes and applicances run on Tesla's AC current.

Nikola Tesla was one of those super-genius badasses whose intellect placed him dangerously on the precipice between "great scientific mind" and "utter madness".  He held 700 patents at the time of his death, made groundbreaking discoveries in the fields of physics, robotics, steam turbine engineering, and magnetism, and once melted one of his assistants' hands by overloading it with X-rays - which isn't really scientific, but is still pretty cool.  And honestly, if there were one man on this planet who was ever capable of single-handedly destroying the entire planet through his insane scientific discoveries, it was Tesla.  That alone should qualify him as a pretty righteous badass.


The caption reads:  "Nikola Tesla holding in his hands balls of flame."


Links:

Tesla: Life and Legacy

TIME Article on the Death Ray

Tesla Universe

Nikola Tesla Page



Sources:

Seifer, Marc J.  Wizard: The Life and Times of Nikola Tesla.  Citadel, 1999.

Tesla, Nikola.  My Inventions.  Filiquarian, 2006.












Tesla: Man Out of Time

Tesla: Man Out of Time [Paperback]

January 13th 2008
Cheney paints a rich portrait of the character of Nikola Tesla, Mad Scientist---or at least Eccentric Inventor, providing ample detail of his bizarre manners, his proficiency at gambling and billiards, his astonishing hubris, his society appearances, and his (putative) unrequited love.

However, Tesla was foremost an inventor, not an eccentric, and so the content and context of his inventions should be foremost in any biography of him. It's clear that despite this being Cheney's second book on Tesla, she simply does not understand the technical content of Tesla's work. For the reader, this is merely unfortunate. What is inexcusable, and intellectually dishonest, is that Cheney plagiarizes the writings of Tesla himself---unattributed verbatim copying---to provide explanations where she herself is unable. And not even good ones, at that.

Here are two examples. The first appears on page 37 and refers to Tesla's bladeless turbine:

---
What he built was a cylinder freely rotatable on two bearings and partly surrounded by a rectangular trough which fit it perfectly. The open side of the trough was closed by a partition and the cylindrical segment divided into two compartments entirely separated from each other by airtight sliding joints. One of these compartments being sealed and exhausted of air, the other remaining open, perpetual rotation of the cylinder would result---or so the inventor thought.
---

This paragraph was lifted verbatim from "My Inventions" by Nikola Tesla (Filiquarian, 2006; p. 32) without attribution. (In the original, the last words were "at least, I thought so".) The latter work by Tesla, a brief autobiography only recently published, does not appear to have been available in print when Cheney's book was written; perhaps Cheney was assuming none of her readers also had access to the manuscript.

The second example is even stranger. In an explanation of Tesla's "magnifying transmitter" appearing on page 147, Cheney writes:

---
He considered the ultimate design to be a transformer having a secondary in which the parts, charged to a high potential, were of considerable area and arranged in space along ideal enveloping surfaces of very large radii of curvature, thereby insuring a small electric surface density everywhere. Thus no leak could occur even if the conductor were bare.
---

I read this impenetrable paragraph half a dozen times before finally giving up trying to make sense of it. I wasn't sure if it was my lack of physics expertise, or Cheney's lack of explicatory clarity that was to blame. When I reached page 175, I was in no doubt. Cheney writes:

---
"Well, then, in the first place", he wrote, "it is a resonant transformer with a secondary in which the parts, charged to a high potential, are of considerable area and arranged in space along ideal enveloping surfaces of very large radii of curvature, and at proper distances from one another, thereby insuring a small electric surface density everywhere so that no leak can occur even if the conductor is bare."
---

What is astonishing here is not only that Cheney so wantonly plagiarizes Tesla's writing, but that she also (correctly) characterizes his explanation as "tantalizingly vague"---having shamelessly used the exact same explanation herself only 30 pages earlier.

In his introduction, Leland Anderson asks why anyone should wish to undertake another biography of Tesla after John J. O'Neill's "Prodigal Genius" (1943). He concludes that O'Neill's biography was "authoritative" but "thin with regard to his interactions with personal associates". Perhaps Cheney's "Man out of Time" might fill that particular gap, but it is certainly not authoritative, and her (and her publisher's) sloppiness are embarrassing.

I recommend that readers with a technical interest in Tesla's work look elsewhere.


Wednesday, March 20, 2013

What's Really Behind China's Attacks On Apple And Android? – ReadWrite

What's Really Behind China's Attacks On Apple And Android?

American technology is winning the smartphone wars. Apple's iPhone captures the lion's share of the industry's profits and Google's Android operating system easily dominates smartphone market share. Is this a cause for concern in China - which has grown accustomed to dominating tech manufacturing?

Clearly, something is bothering the Chinese establishment. 

Two weeks ago, China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) sounded an alarm about Android's dominance:

While the Android system is open source, the core technology and technology roadmap is strictly controlled by Google.

According to the Ministry's statement, China's “mobile operating system research and development is too dependent on Android.” While Android is the world's dominant smartphone platform, with an estimated 70% market share, Android commands an estimated 90% of the Chinese smartphone market.

This is a big deal. There are more than one billion smartphones in use around the world - and billions more are expected to be activated over the next several years. China is the world's largest smartphone market, but nearly every new smartphone made is based on technology developed and controlled by North American companies. 

The top smartphone operating systems in the world are American, with Google's Android and Apple's iPhone leading by a wide margin. Android commands 48% of the market and iPhone has 19%. Blackberry owns 8% of the market and Microsoft's Windows Phone has 2%. (Legacy devices running on the outmoded Symbian OS still control 15% of the current market.) Just as important, services, applications, businesses and innovation gravitate to the winning platforms. 

(See also America's Mobile Comeback.)

Android And iPhone Rising

Earlier this month, I suggested that a de facto threat to Android could certainly benefit China's 'homegrown' platforms, such as Alibaba's Aliyun operating system, for example. I also said that such a move might benefit Apple's iPhone and other competing platforms. But that may no longer be a valid assumption.

Late last week, China's official media, China Central Television  (CCTV), went after Apple. According to The Wall Street Journal:

China Central Television accused Apple of skirting warranty periods and adopting customer-service policies for Chinese customers that differ from its practices in other countries.

During the two-hour broadcast, watched by millions, the network accused Apple of not fully meeting product warranty requirements and of engaging in customer-service practices that differ from Apple's standard practices in other countries. For example, Chinese customers, the broadcast said, are more likely to receive a refurbished product instead of a new device when their original fails.  

"This is too unfair to Chinese consumers," one customer said in the report.

While the iPhone has only a small share of the Chinese smartphone market, Apple has been moving aggressively into the country. In the last fiscal quarter alone, Apple generated $6.83 billion in revenues from the Chinese market (including Hong Kong and Taiwan). China is currently Apple's second largest market by revenue, though CEO Tim Cook has predicted that China will become Apple’s number one market soon.  

Cook was in China earlier this year, where he met with several government officials and the chairman of China Mobile, the country's largest mobile carrier.

Any actions undertaken by the Chinese government that limit or otherwise diminish the prospects of Apple's iPhone and Google's Android platform would likely be felt immediately. As The Wall Street Journal stated in its CCTV report:

China's consumers flooded social-media sites after the CCTV report. Zheng Yuanjie, a famous Beijing-based children's author, wrote on the Sina Weibo microblogging service, "By paying the same or even a higher price for Apple products, Chinese consumers have received even lower standards of after-sales service than those in developed countries. I hope the part Apple is missing [in its products] is not its conscience." The comment received nearly 8,000 comments and was forwarded nearly 10,000 times by late Friday night. 

Smoke But No Fire

Not everyone is convinced. Steven Millward, who covers the mobile market in Asia out of Shanghai, said the moves by China's state-run broadcaster and Ministry may not be coordinated:

Coming just two weeks after China's MIIT warned of the country being too dependent on Google-controlled Android, the CCTV attack on Apple might seem to be a co-ordinated attack on the two leading smartphone platforms in the country, iOS and Android, but i'm not convinced. 

There could be other factors for CCTV's attack on Apple: it was, after all, World Consumer Rights Day, and major foreign companies are often (though not exclusively) the ones at whom the brickbats are thrown.

Apple, Millward notes, is also a "prestigious target" for a television broadcaster to go after. Indeed, as The Wall Street Journal reported, the CCTV report was "hyperbolic" if not necessarily effective. 

Similarly, while there may be some legitimate cause for concern over Android's near-monopoly in the China smartphone market, Millward notes that "Chinese authorities must realize that their leading Web companies - from Baidu to Tencent, Sina to startups - badly need iOS and Android as the basis of their entire mobile strategy." 

China's Sputnik Moment?

Even if the broadsides launched against Apple and Google are indeed coincidental, they could still be signs of China's own 'Sputnik moment' over American domination of smartphone technology, 

For non-history-buffs, back in 1957 the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the world's first successful artificial satellite. Reaction in the United States was dramatic, with warnings that American technological leadership was being squandered and hysterical fears of a deadly "missile gap." The Sputnik issue became a central to the 1960 U.S. presidential election. Soon after his election, John F. Kennedy Jr. committed the United States to sending a man to the moon.

It's probably hyperbole to claim that the rise of Android and iPhone will inspire new efforts by the Chinese in the smartphone sphere. But it's equally clear that China has noticed that there's a key technology category where it doesn't lead the way. And no one should be surprised if they decide to do something about it in a big way. 

Nobody's Talking

Apple did not respond to requests for comment, nor did the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. Google responded with the following statement:

Android is an open source mobile platform freely available to everyone. It is available in its entirety at http://source.android.com, allowing device manufacturers to customize and offer new user experiences, driving innovation and consumer choice.

 

Image of Chinese flag courtesy of Wikipedia. Graphic image by Nick Statt.

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I call Bullshit. They build our iPhones and hold the root certificate for NASA apps.

If they wanted to fuck with our toys, they had of plenty of opportunity... BEFORE they shipped them to the US of A's.

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Thursday, August 23, 2012

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